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| Haile Selassie I |
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| Selected Speeches |
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| Ba Beta Kristiyan Haile Selassie I |
| Selected Speeches |
| Millenial Friendship |
As you know, the relation between Ethiopia and the U.A.R. had its
beginnings thousands of years ago. The peoples of the two countries,
apart from being neighbours, have common aspirations and ideals, and are
also bound by a common link which is the Great Blue Nile. During Our
visit We discussed matters of mutual interest to our two countries,
problems common to this region, as well as the general situation of the
world. In particular, We are most satisified that We were able to make
personal acquaintance with President Gamal Abdel Nasser and to hold
frank and friendly discussion with him regarding matters of common
interest to our two nations and to have been able to reach complete
understanding.
What We witnessed during Our brief stay in the U.A.R. regarding the
progress of the industry and economy of the country was commendable.
We were impressed by the hard work and struggle of the people to
improve their standard of living.
From the many important achievements of Our visit, one which has given
Us great satisfaction was the successful completion of the agreement
regarding the relation of our two Churches. During Our reign We have
spared no efforts to attain the greatness that is due to the Ethiopian Church
which has been an island of Christianity in the Continent of Africa. We
are most thankful to Almighty God to have witnessed the fruits of Our
efforts during Our reign by the elevation of an Ethiopian to the Patriarchate
of the Ethiopian Church.
After Egypt, We visited the Soviet Union. Although a few years have
passed since We accepted an invitation to visit the Soviet Union, for
various reasons We have not been able to go their earlier. We are now
happy to ahve been able to visit that great country with which Ethiopia for
a long time has maintained friendly relations.
One of the famous generals of the era of Peter the Great was Abraham
Hannibal, who was an Ethiopian, and whose great grandson was the
celebrated poet, Alexander Pushkin. We can therefore say that we have
had a continued relation withthe Soviet Union in the military and cultural
fields.
beginnings thousands of years ago. The peoples of the two countries,
apart from being neighbours, have common aspirations and ideals, and are
also bound by a common link which is the Great Blue Nile. During Our
visit We discussed matters of mutual interest to our two countries,
problems common to this region, as well as the general situation of the
world. In particular, We are most satisified that We were able to make
personal acquaintance with President Gamal Abdel Nasser and to hold
frank and friendly discussion with him regarding matters of common
interest to our two nations and to have been able to reach complete
understanding.
What We witnessed during Our brief stay in the U.A.R. regarding the
progress of the industry and economy of the country was commendable.
We were impressed by the hard work and struggle of the people to
improve their standard of living.
From the many important achievements of Our visit, one which has given
Us great satisfaction was the successful completion of the agreement
regarding the relation of our two Churches. During Our reign We have
spared no efforts to attain the greatness that is due to the Ethiopian Church
which has been an island of Christianity in the Continent of Africa. We
are most thankful to Almighty God to have witnessed the fruits of Our
efforts during Our reign by the elevation of an Ethiopian to the Patriarchate
of the Ethiopian Church.
After Egypt, We visited the Soviet Union. Although a few years have
passed since We accepted an invitation to visit the Soviet Union, for
various reasons We have not been able to go their earlier. We are now
happy to ahve been able to visit that great country with which Ethiopia for
a long time has maintained friendly relations.
One of the famous generals of the era of Peter the Great was Abraham
Hannibal, who was an Ethiopian, and whose great grandson was the
celebrated poet, Alexander Pushkin. We can therefore say that we have
had a continued relation withthe Soviet Union in the military and cultural
fields.
| Foreign Policy |
| Purpose of Visits |
| Leader's Responsibility |
In this age when man, through his knowledge of science, has created
dangerous weapons to destroy himself, the responsibility of the great
powers for the maintenance of world peace is well known to everyone.
We believe that the exchange of visits by statesmen to talk over matters on
which their points of view differ will greatly help remove the
mis-understandings and mistrust prevailing among States. One of the aims
of Our visit to friendly countries was to implement and strengthen this
belief of Ours. After Our visit to the Soviet Union, We were happy to hear
of the forthcoming exchange of visits between Mr. Khrushchev, Chairman
of the Council of Ministers of the U.S.S.R., and Mr. Eisenhower,
President of the United States of America. It is believed that the meetings
of the two leaders will remove the dangerous situation now prevailing in
the world and create an atmosphere of peace. We have expressed Our
hope and best wishes and those of Our people that the talks they will hold
during their meeting will be fruitful.
In all the countries that We have visited We have felt that all peoples are
greatly concerned about the maintenance of world peace.
The peoples of the world today, as in the past, desire to work for the
improvement of their standard of living and to live in peace. We do not
agree with the point of view that the present unstable situation is the result
of differences in the political, economic, and social systems among nations.
Even though it is not possible to cite in history an era in which all the
peoples of the world were in complete agreement on all things,
nevertheless they have not been prevented from working in
co-operation for their mutual benefit.
dangerous weapons to destroy himself, the responsibility of the great
powers for the maintenance of world peace is well known to everyone.
We believe that the exchange of visits by statesmen to talk over matters on
which their points of view differ will greatly help remove the
mis-understandings and mistrust prevailing among States. One of the aims
of Our visit to friendly countries was to implement and strengthen this
belief of Ours. After Our visit to the Soviet Union, We were happy to hear
of the forthcoming exchange of visits between Mr. Khrushchev, Chairman
of the Council of Ministers of the U.S.S.R., and Mr. Eisenhower,
President of the United States of America. It is believed that the meetings
of the two leaders will remove the dangerous situation now prevailing in
the world and create an atmosphere of peace. We have expressed Our
hope and best wishes and those of Our people that the talks they will hold
during their meeting will be fruitful.
In all the countries that We have visited We have felt that all peoples are
greatly concerned about the maintenance of world peace.
The peoples of the world today, as in the past, desire to work for the
improvement of their standard of living and to live in peace. We do not
agree with the point of view that the present unstable situation is the result
of differences in the political, economic, and social systems among nations.
Even though it is not possible to cite in history an era in which all the
peoples of the world were in complete agreement on all things,
nevertheless they have not been prevented from working in
co-operation for their mutual benefit.
| Call to the People |
In connection with these achievements, when we enquire into the origins
of the attempt of man to utilize this knowledge and go beyond these to
extend the directions of his enquiry without limit, we find the reason for all
these to be the desire of man to be diligent and to widen the horizon of his
knowledge.
Although the beginnings of civilization of each country vary in time, the
fundamental factors which give impetus to each country to awaken and
embark on the road to progress to reach their present level of development
are those qualities which are enshrined in the nature of man, namely,
desire and fortitude.
The present high standard of development has been achieved through the
accumulation of knowledge from time immemorial. We would like Our
people to realize that this is not something that has been accomplished at
one stage nor by coincidence, nor has this stage been reached in one
generation, but is the result of the toil, fortitude and sacrifices of
succeeding generations. We have been prompted to refer briefly to the
history of civilization because it is Our constant endeavour that all
Ethiopians, in their attempt to satisfy their material needs, to invigorate
their energy, eradicate idleness and generate an unceasing desire for better
and more things, shall elevate their standard of living to that of the people
inhabiting other parts of the world and be able to spare for others.
It is a fact that the knowledge and wealth that We had inherited from our
ancestors which has been plundered and lost, could be excavated and
discovered. But what we posses today has been initiated and established
in Our lifetime.
of the attempt of man to utilize this knowledge and go beyond these to
extend the directions of his enquiry without limit, we find the reason for all
these to be the desire of man to be diligent and to widen the horizon of his
knowledge.
Although the beginnings of civilization of each country vary in time, the
fundamental factors which give impetus to each country to awaken and
embark on the road to progress to reach their present level of development
are those qualities which are enshrined in the nature of man, namely,
desire and fortitude.
The present high standard of development has been achieved through the
accumulation of knowledge from time immemorial. We would like Our
people to realize that this is not something that has been accomplished at
one stage nor by coincidence, nor has this stage been reached in one
generation, but is the result of the toil, fortitude and sacrifices of
succeeding generations. We have been prompted to refer briefly to the
history of civilization because it is Our constant endeavour that all
Ethiopians, in their attempt to satisfy their material needs, to invigorate
their energy, eradicate idleness and generate an unceasing desire for better
and more things, shall elevate their standard of living to that of the people
inhabiting other parts of the world and be able to spare for others.
It is a fact that the knowledge and wealth that We had inherited from our
ancestors which has been plundered and lost, could be excavated and
discovered. But what we posses today has been initiated and established
in Our lifetime.
The purposes and aims of Our visit are well known to all of you.
However, We desire that you share with Us the main objectives of Our
visit. These major objectives were the following: to find ways and means
of raising the standard of living of Our people and the economic
development of Our country; to discuss with leaders of friendly countries
and acquire aid for the implementation of the programme which We have
initiated for the progress of Our country; to observe personally their
development projects that We believe will aid in the raising of the standard
of living of Our people, and which will not only show fruitfull results
within Our time, but will also be a firm and unshakale foundation for
generations to come so that all will work and struggle in a united effort for
the welfare and prosperity of Our nation. Desirous that all Ethiopians will
faithfully follow and give full support to the development programmes
initiated by Us for the further progress of Our nation, We would like to
cite as an example some of the things which, during Our former and reent
visits, We have closely examined and personally witnessed and which We
have chosen as being useful to the progress of Our people. In all the
countries that We have toured, We have observed that the great fine arts
so far achieved were preceded by many thousands of years of fine arts
development attained by human effort. For example, during Our sojourn
We have seen cathedrals, public buildings, edifices and monuments
constructed and ornate with gold, diamonds, marble and precious stones.
We were also impressed by the collection of fine arts achieved by the
great masters of the past.
However, We desire that you share with Us the main objectives of Our
visit. These major objectives were the following: to find ways and means
of raising the standard of living of Our people and the economic
development of Our country; to discuss with leaders of friendly countries
and acquire aid for the implementation of the programme which We have
initiated for the progress of Our country; to observe personally their
development projects that We believe will aid in the raising of the standard
of living of Our people, and which will not only show fruitfull results
within Our time, but will also be a firm and unshakale foundation for
generations to come so that all will work and struggle in a united effort for
the welfare and prosperity of Our nation. Desirous that all Ethiopians will
faithfully follow and give full support to the development programmes
initiated by Us for the further progress of Our nation, We would like to
cite as an example some of the things which, during Our former and reent
visits, We have closely examined and personally witnessed and which We
have chosen as being useful to the progress of Our people. In all the
countries that We have toured, We have observed that the great fine arts
so far achieved were preceded by many thousands of years of fine arts
development attained by human effort. For example, during Our sojourn
We have seen cathedrals, public buildings, edifices and monuments
constructed and ornate with gold, diamonds, marble and precious stones.
We were also impressed by the collection of fine arts achieved by the
great masters of the past.
| Haile Selassie the First - August 29, 1959 |
In the belief that it will help create understanding and co-operation in the
world, and out of particular consideration for the welfare and well-being
of Our beloved people and country, We have, from time to time during the
past five years, journeyed to visit friendly countries in the Americas, the
United Kingdom, Europe and the Far East.
After successfully completing Our recent long journey on invitations
extended to Us from among friendly countries, namely the U.A.R., the
U.S.S.R., Czechoslovakia, Belgium, France, Portugal, and Yugoslavia, We
are now happy and thankful to Almighty God to find Ourself in the midst
of Our beloved people.
On Our return form Our previous journeys, We had made known to you
the impressions left with Us by the reception extended to Us in the
countries which we then visited. Because We believe that the very
admirable reception and sincere expression of friendship extended to Us by
the peoples and leaders of the countries that We visited recently were also
directed to you, We desire to share with you the sentiments of these visits.
We shall presently make known Our tasks regarding Our future
programme for the socio-economic development of Our country.
Our first stop in Our long journey was the U.A.R. As We had accepted
the invitation of H.E. President Gamal Abdel Nasser to visit the U.A.R.,
We stayed in that neighbouring country from the 24th to the 29th of June.
During Our stay in the U.A.R., We discussed with President Abdel Nasser
matters of mutual interest to our two countries and international affairs.
We also visited various national centres and institutions of economic and
social interest and importance.
From the start of Our visit in the U.A.R. the warm and cordial reception
and the spontaneous expression of friendship extended to Us by President
Gamal Abdel-Nasser and other leaders of the Government and the people
of the country wherever We went, created in Us a feeling of great pleasure
and satisfaction.
world, and out of particular consideration for the welfare and well-being
of Our beloved people and country, We have, from time to time during the
past five years, journeyed to visit friendly countries in the Americas, the
United Kingdom, Europe and the Far East.
After successfully completing Our recent long journey on invitations
extended to Us from among friendly countries, namely the U.A.R., the
U.S.S.R., Czechoslovakia, Belgium, France, Portugal, and Yugoslavia, We
are now happy and thankful to Almighty God to find Ourself in the midst
of Our beloved people.
On Our return form Our previous journeys, We had made known to you
the impressions left with Us by the reception extended to Us in the
countries which we then visited. Because We believe that the very
admirable reception and sincere expression of friendship extended to Us by
the peoples and leaders of the countries that We visited recently were also
directed to you, We desire to share with you the sentiments of these visits.
We shall presently make known Our tasks regarding Our future
programme for the socio-economic development of Our country.
Our first stop in Our long journey was the U.A.R. As We had accepted
the invitation of H.E. President Gamal Abdel Nasser to visit the U.A.R.,
We stayed in that neighbouring country from the 24th to the 29th of June.
During Our stay in the U.A.R., We discussed with President Abdel Nasser
matters of mutual interest to our two countries and international affairs.
We also visited various national centres and institutions of economic and
social interest and importance.
From the start of Our visit in the U.A.R. the warm and cordial reception
and the spontaneous expression of friendship extended to Us by President
Gamal Abdel-Nasser and other leaders of the Government and the people
of the country wherever We went, created in Us a feeling of great pleasure
and satisfaction.
| Did not Recognize Occupation |
In addition to the medical aid which the Soviet Union provided to Ethiopia,
during the battle of Adowa and now in Our era, and, apart from the
assistance We were able to obtain from that country through the Red
Cross doctors during the Fascist invasion, the Soviet Union supported Our
stand in the League of Nations for the freedom of Our country, and it was
one fo the few great powers that did not recognize the occupation of Our
country by the Fasist aggressors.
From the moment of Our arrival in the Soviet Union, the warm and great
reception accorded to Us by the peoples and their leaders, whose
hospitality is well-known, was beyond Our expectation. Although it takes
a long time to visit the whole of the Soviet Union, during Our fortnight
stay there We were most impressed to see how the peoples o the Soviet
Union have been able to recover form the aftermath of a devastating war,
carrying out full reconstruction within a short period of time and achieving
remarkable progress in economic, industrial, scientific, technical and social
fields, and thus establishing themselves, within the span of forty years, as
one of the great powers of Our time.
In the talks which we had with the leaders of the Soviet Union concerning
our two countries in particular and world peace in general, We reached full
undertanding. Moreover, We were able to make personal acquaintance
with Mr. Voroshilov, the President of the Presidium of the Supreme
Soviet, and Mr. Khrushchev, the Prime Minister of the Soviet Union, and
we had frank and friendly exchange of views on various matters and
reached full agreement on all of them. As the result of our talks,
agreements have been signed between our two governments for economic
co-operation and the widening of the scope of our cultural and commercial
relations. Apart from this, it is a measure of satisfaction to us all to have
obtained a long-term loan of four hundred milion roubles (400,000,000) at
low interest to finance Ethiopia's Five-Year Plan and the various other
projects for the economic development of the country and the raising of
the standard of living of Our people.
Ethiopia has abundant natural resources. However, because of lack of
capital, it has not been possible to develop these natural resources for the
benefit of the people. It is to exploit these natural resources and to carry
out the Five-Year Plan for the benefit of Our people that We have acquired
credits from friendly countries such as the United States, Yugoslavia, the
Federal Republic of Germany and Czechoslovakia.
We believe that the assistance We obtained from the Soviet Union will
greatly enhance the exploitation of our natural resources and the
development of our economy.
during the battle of Adowa and now in Our era, and, apart from the
assistance We were able to obtain from that country through the Red
Cross doctors during the Fascist invasion, the Soviet Union supported Our
stand in the League of Nations for the freedom of Our country, and it was
one fo the few great powers that did not recognize the occupation of Our
country by the Fasist aggressors.
From the moment of Our arrival in the Soviet Union, the warm and great
reception accorded to Us by the peoples and their leaders, whose
hospitality is well-known, was beyond Our expectation. Although it takes
a long time to visit the whole of the Soviet Union, during Our fortnight
stay there We were most impressed to see how the peoples o the Soviet
Union have been able to recover form the aftermath of a devastating war,
carrying out full reconstruction within a short period of time and achieving
remarkable progress in economic, industrial, scientific, technical and social
fields, and thus establishing themselves, within the span of forty years, as
one of the great powers of Our time.
In the talks which we had with the leaders of the Soviet Union concerning
our two countries in particular and world peace in general, We reached full
undertanding. Moreover, We were able to make personal acquaintance
with Mr. Voroshilov, the President of the Presidium of the Supreme
Soviet, and Mr. Khrushchev, the Prime Minister of the Soviet Union, and
we had frank and friendly exchange of views on various matters and
reached full agreement on all of them. As the result of our talks,
agreements have been signed between our two governments for economic
co-operation and the widening of the scope of our cultural and commercial
relations. Apart from this, it is a measure of satisfaction to us all to have
obtained a long-term loan of four hundred milion roubles (400,000,000) at
low interest to finance Ethiopia's Five-Year Plan and the various other
projects for the economic development of the country and the raising of
the standard of living of Our people.
Ethiopia has abundant natural resources. However, because of lack of
capital, it has not been possible to develop these natural resources for the
benefit of the people. It is to exploit these natural resources and to carry
out the Five-Year Plan for the benefit of Our people that We have acquired
credits from friendly countries such as the United States, Yugoslavia, the
Federal Republic of Germany and Czechoslovakia.
We believe that the assistance We obtained from the Soviet Union will
greatly enhance the exploitation of our natural resources and the
development of our economy.
| Example of Co-operation |
All of you are aware that Ethiopia's foreign policy is based on the
principles of the United Nations Charter as well as on the Bandung and
Accra Declarations. These principles which We have long cherished and
for which We have striven are, among others, collective security, peaceful
and active co-existence, non-interference in the internal affairs of other
countries, respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other
nations and peaceful settlements of all disputes among nations.
Of the countries which We visited during Our recent trip, there are some
whose economic and political systems are different form ours. We believe
that these are made to serve the particular needs of each country and are
matters of domestic concern to each nation, and for this reason We do not
believe that such differences in political and economic systems should
stand as a hindrance to the understanding, collaboration and co-operation
among nations on important matters that are of common concern.
Therefore, the misinterpretation that was placed by certain circles uon the
meetings and discussions which We have visited was not because they
were not fully aware of the fact that Ethiopia's foreign policy is based
upon the above mentioned principles, but, rather, it seems, that this
misinterpretation was intended to create an atmosphere that will serve their
own particular interests.
principles of the United Nations Charter as well as on the Bandung and
Accra Declarations. These principles which We have long cherished and
for which We have striven are, among others, collective security, peaceful
and active co-existence, non-interference in the internal affairs of other
countries, respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other
nations and peaceful settlements of all disputes among nations.
Of the countries which We visited during Our recent trip, there are some
whose economic and political systems are different form ours. We believe
that these are made to serve the particular needs of each country and are
matters of domestic concern to each nation, and for this reason We do not
believe that such differences in political and economic systems should
stand as a hindrance to the understanding, collaboration and co-operation
among nations on important matters that are of common concern.
Therefore, the misinterpretation that was placed by certain circles uon the
meetings and discussions which We have visited was not because they
were not fully aware of the fact that Ethiopia's foreign policy is based
upon the above mentioned principles, but, rather, it seems, that this
misinterpretation was intended to create an atmosphere that will serve their
own particular interests.
As you know, We have, during a period of five years, visited Yugoslavia
twice, and H.E. Marshal Tito has, in about the same period of time, visited
Ethiopia twice. This is proof of the firm and friendly ties that exist
between our two countries. Yugoslavia has only granted Ethiopia a loan
for the realization of the programme initiated for the economic
development of Ethiopia, but has also extended assistance in the form of
experts in the field of medicine and other various technical matters. These
aids have shown fruitful results to the greatest satisfaction of both sides.
Even though the two countries have different economic and internal
political systems, these dissimilarities have not been obstacles to mutual
understanding, co-operation and working together in a friendly spirit.
This, We believe, is exemplary.
During Our stay in Yugoslavia, while visiting various regions and industrial
centres We were highly impressed and touched by the true and friendly
welcome and reception accorded Us by Our Great Friend Marshal Tito,
his associates and the peoples of Yugoslavia. The development works and
industrial centres which We visited were symbols of the amazing progress
Yugoslavia has achieved in the socio-economic field in the last five years
since We first visited Yugoslavia. In the course of Our recent stay in
Yugoslavia, We discussed with Marshal Tito matters concerning the
relationship of our two countries and explored ways and means to further
strengthen the economic and commercial ties between our two nations.
We also broadly discussed general international affairs. In the course of
our discussions we reached as in the past, full understanding and identity
of views.
It is undeniable that We have gained a great benefit and assistance for Our
country and have increased its prestige by Our visits to friendly countries
on various occasions during the past five years. Similarly, from Our
recent visit, in addition to the fact that it has strengthened Our relations
with friendly countries, has ensued great political results and it has enabled
Us to secure credit to permit Us to implement the economic development
projects which will raise the standard of living of Our beloved people.
twice, and H.E. Marshal Tito has, in about the same period of time, visited
Ethiopia twice. This is proof of the firm and friendly ties that exist
between our two countries. Yugoslavia has only granted Ethiopia a loan
for the realization of the programme initiated for the economic
development of Ethiopia, but has also extended assistance in the form of
experts in the field of medicine and other various technical matters. These
aids have shown fruitful results to the greatest satisfaction of both sides.
Even though the two countries have different economic and internal
political systems, these dissimilarities have not been obstacles to mutual
understanding, co-operation and working together in a friendly spirit.
This, We believe, is exemplary.
During Our stay in Yugoslavia, while visiting various regions and industrial
centres We were highly impressed and touched by the true and friendly
welcome and reception accorded Us by Our Great Friend Marshal Tito,
his associates and the peoples of Yugoslavia. The development works and
industrial centres which We visited were symbols of the amazing progress
Yugoslavia has achieved in the socio-economic field in the last five years
since We first visited Yugoslavia. In the course of Our recent stay in
Yugoslavia, We discussed with Marshal Tito matters concerning the
relationship of our two countries and explored ways and means to further
strengthen the economic and commercial ties between our two nations.
We also broadly discussed general international affairs. In the course of
our discussions we reached as in the past, full understanding and identity
of views.
It is undeniable that We have gained a great benefit and assistance for Our
country and have increased its prestige by Our visits to friendly countries
on various occasions during the past five years. Similarly, from Our
recent visit, in addition to the fact that it has strengthened Our relations
with friendly countries, has ensued great political results and it has enabled
Us to secure credit to permit Us to implement the economic development
projects which will raise the standard of living of Our beloved people.
| Renewed Friendship |
Not only did We renew Our friendship with General de Gaulle, President
of France, which We had cultivated during the time when our two
countries were under hard trials, but We also conducted fruitful
discussions concerning economic, commercial and cultural relations
existing between Ethiopia and France. We also reached mutual
understandng in broad discussion of matters of mutual concern to our two
countries, and, in general, exchanged views concerning international
peace. General de Gaulle, whose greatness is well known in Ethiopia, has
a friendly regard towards Our country.
On the invitation of the President of Portugal, We visited the Portuguese
Republic form the 26th to the 31st of July. Portugal is one of the friendly
countries with which Ethiopia has had contact since the end of the
Fifteenth Century.
The spontaneous and friendly welcome accorded Us during Our visit by
the Government and people of Portugal has left a deep impression on Us.
We had discussions with President Admiral Amerigo Thomas and the
well-known Prime Minister, Mr. Salazar, concerning relations between our
two countries and international peace. A cultural agreement was signed
between our two Governments in order to develop the cultural ties that
were first established in the Sixteenth Century and to study and make
known the history of the two countries.
During Our short stay in the Federal Republic of Germany We were
pleased to have had the opportunity to meet the President, Professor
Huess, and to discusss with him matters of common interest.
Continuing Our visit to friendly countries, on the invitation of Our Great
Friend H.E. Marshal Tito, We visited the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
from the 15th to the 23rd of August.
of France, which We had cultivated during the time when our two
countries were under hard trials, but We also conducted fruitful
discussions concerning economic, commercial and cultural relations
existing between Ethiopia and France. We also reached mutual
understandng in broad discussion of matters of mutual concern to our two
countries, and, in general, exchanged views concerning international
peace. General de Gaulle, whose greatness is well known in Ethiopia, has
a friendly regard towards Our country.
On the invitation of the President of Portugal, We visited the Portuguese
Republic form the 26th to the 31st of July. Portugal is one of the friendly
countries with which Ethiopia has had contact since the end of the
Fifteenth Century.
The spontaneous and friendly welcome accorded Us during Our visit by
the Government and people of Portugal has left a deep impression on Us.
We had discussions with President Admiral Amerigo Thomas and the
well-known Prime Minister, Mr. Salazar, concerning relations between our
two countries and international peace. A cultural agreement was signed
between our two Governments in order to develop the cultural ties that
were first established in the Sixteenth Century and to study and make
known the history of the two countries.
During Our short stay in the Federal Republic of Germany We were
pleased to have had the opportunity to meet the President, Professor
Huess, and to discusss with him matters of common interest.
Continuing Our visit to friendly countries, on the invitation of Our Great
Friend H.E. Marshal Tito, We visited the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
from the 15th to the 23rd of August.
| Chapter VII |
| Domestic |
| Friend Indeed |
After Our sojourn in the U.S.S.R. cam to an end, We visited
Czechoslovakia from the 13th to the 17th of July. The relations between
Ethiopia and Czechoslovakia are of long standing. It was from this
country that Ethiopia was able to acquire most of the arms and munitions
needed to defend her jealously guarded independence against the Fascist
invaders. Czechoslovakia was among the very few nations that
courageously raised their voices in denouncing the Fascist invasion and in
giving Us support in Our plea to the League of Nations. It is often said
that "A friend in need is a friend indeed." For this reason, among others,
Ethio-Czechoslovak relations are based on a firm and proven foundation.
In the early part of the post-war period, when Our defence means were
limited, We turned to Czechoslovakia for the purchase of modern arms
and the establishment of a munitions factory. You are all aware of the
credit advanced to Our Government by the Czechsoslovak Government
for the purchase of equipment for our hospitals and other public health
services.
The warm, cordial and great reception that was accorded Us by the
leaders and the people of this friendly nation has once more proved to Us
the existence of genuine and sincere friendship between our two nations.
During Our sojourn in Czechoslovakia. We were able to visit great
industrial establishments, agricultural centres, institutions of higher
learning and other famous historical places. We were highly impressed by
the tremendous progress achieved in the industrial as well as in the general
economic field by the Czechoslovak people, especially in the post-war
period.
Just as We ahve discussed and exhanged views with other leaders of the
countries We have visited, We had a fruitful exchange of views with
President Antonin Novotny on matters of common interest to our two
nations as well as on general matters that concern world peace. The
discussions and exchange of views were conducted in a friendly and
cordial atmosphere and we were able to reach complete understanding.
We have agreed to conclude economic and technical assistance
agreements, as well as a cultural agreement, with a view to the further
development and strengthening of the economic and cultural ties between
our two countries. The Czechoslovak Government has expressed its
willingness to help Us in Our effort to develop Our nation's economy and
to raise the standard of living of Our people by making it possible for Us to
purchase from that country industrial and agricultural equipment by way
of credit, which will greatly assist Us in the implementation of Our
economic plans.
After Our visit to Czechoslovakia cam to an end, We visited for three days
the Kingdom of Belgium with which Ethiopia has maintained friendly
relations for a long time. The friendly reception that was accorded Us by
His Majesty King Baudouin, the Government officials and the people of
Belgium, was cordial. We are pleased to have had an opportunity to meet
King Baudouin in person and to have been able to exchange views on
various subjects. We were able to gather that the people of Belgium have
reposed great hopes in the King and that King Baudouin is a kind and
understanding person. During Our short stay in Belgium We visited
modern industrial establishments and various places of interest. By so
doing, We were able to see for Ourself the progress achieved in the
economic as well as in other fields by Belgium since Our first visit there
thirty-five years ago. We believe that Our recent visit has further
strengthened the relations between our two countries.
After the conclusion of Our visit to Belgium, We stayed in Paris for two
days. All of you are aware of the long and friendly relations that have
existed between Ethiopia and France. The cordial welcome accorded Us
by the people and Government of France, both recently and when We
officially visited France four years ago, was a manifestation of the friendly
feelings which the people of France entertain towards the people of
Ethiopia.
Czechoslovakia from the 13th to the 17th of July. The relations between
Ethiopia and Czechoslovakia are of long standing. It was from this
country that Ethiopia was able to acquire most of the arms and munitions
needed to defend her jealously guarded independence against the Fascist
invaders. Czechoslovakia was among the very few nations that
courageously raised their voices in denouncing the Fascist invasion and in
giving Us support in Our plea to the League of Nations. It is often said
that "A friend in need is a friend indeed." For this reason, among others,
Ethio-Czechoslovak relations are based on a firm and proven foundation.
In the early part of the post-war period, when Our defence means were
limited, We turned to Czechoslovakia for the purchase of modern arms
and the establishment of a munitions factory. You are all aware of the
credit advanced to Our Government by the Czechsoslovak Government
for the purchase of equipment for our hospitals and other public health
services.
The warm, cordial and great reception that was accorded Us by the
leaders and the people of this friendly nation has once more proved to Us
the existence of genuine and sincere friendship between our two nations.
During Our sojourn in Czechoslovakia. We were able to visit great
industrial establishments, agricultural centres, institutions of higher
learning and other famous historical places. We were highly impressed by
the tremendous progress achieved in the industrial as well as in the general
economic field by the Czechoslovak people, especially in the post-war
period.
Just as We ahve discussed and exhanged views with other leaders of the
countries We have visited, We had a fruitful exchange of views with
President Antonin Novotny on matters of common interest to our two
nations as well as on general matters that concern world peace. The
discussions and exchange of views were conducted in a friendly and
cordial atmosphere and we were able to reach complete understanding.
We have agreed to conclude economic and technical assistance
agreements, as well as a cultural agreement, with a view to the further
development and strengthening of the economic and cultural ties between
our two countries. The Czechoslovak Government has expressed its
willingness to help Us in Our effort to develop Our nation's economy and
to raise the standard of living of Our people by making it possible for Us to
purchase from that country industrial and agricultural equipment by way
of credit, which will greatly assist Us in the implementation of Our
economic plans.
After Our visit to Czechoslovakia cam to an end, We visited for three days
the Kingdom of Belgium with which Ethiopia has maintained friendly
relations for a long time. The friendly reception that was accorded Us by
His Majesty King Baudouin, the Government officials and the people of
Belgium, was cordial. We are pleased to have had an opportunity to meet
King Baudouin in person and to have been able to exchange views on
various subjects. We were able to gather that the people of Belgium have
reposed great hopes in the King and that King Baudouin is a kind and
understanding person. During Our short stay in Belgium We visited
modern industrial establishments and various places of interest. By so
doing, We were able to see for Ourself the progress achieved in the
economic as well as in other fields by Belgium since Our first visit there
thirty-five years ago. We believe that Our recent visit has further
strengthened the relations between our two countries.
After the conclusion of Our visit to Belgium, We stayed in Paris for two
days. All of you are aware of the long and friendly relations that have
existed between Ethiopia and France. The cordial welcome accorded Us
by the people and Government of France, both recently and when We
officially visited France four years ago, was a manifestation of the friendly
feelings which the people of France entertain towards the people of
Ethiopia.
| Address To The Nation On His Tour Aug. 29, 1959 |
| Primary among the many preoccupation of His Imperial Majesty throughout His long and beneficent reign has been the welfare of His people. The significant rise in their general standard of living has been the result. His Majesty has always kept close to His people, has made time to visit all parts of the country and to personally look and enquire into their problems. Many of these Imperial visits were occasions to establish or inaugurate projects intended for the social economic, and cultural betterment of the people. The speeches selected under this caption contain instances of His Imperial Majesty's thoughts and ideas on domestic issues as communicated to the Ethiopian people from time to time. |
| ... Of the countries which We visited during Our recent trip, there are some whose economic and political systems are different from ours. We believe that these are made to serve the particular needs of each country and are matters of domestic concern to each nation, and for this reason We do not believe that such differences in political and economic systems should stand as a hindrance to the understanding, collaboration and co-operation among nations on important matters that are of common concern.... |
| Vibrant Policy |
It is by the understanding of past difficulties that we can bequeath
fundamental guidances which would be of pride to the coming
generations. We therefore urge Our people to struggle and to make
sacrifices for those things which will enable them to ameliorate their
conditions of life and leave a richer heritage.
We wish to recall to Our people what St. Paul said: "The night is far
spent, the day is at hand; let us therefore cast off the works of darkness,
and let us put on the armour of light. Let us walk honestly, as the day."
The Ethiopian people are now conscious of their destiny and can strive to
achieve their ideals. In Our study of the various social systems during
Our extended tour, We have found that the reason for their successful
progress lies in the fact they have accumulated enough capital which, in
turn, made it possible for them to carry out better farming, finance mining
projects to serve their industry, harness their rivers, and in general exploit
their natural resources.
It is only through their achievements and not because of the difference in
their innate ability nor in their numerical superiority that some countries
have attained a high degree of progress while those which have not fully
developed and utilized their iinborn abilities and thereby lagged behind in
tapping their natural resources have been labelled "under-developed." the
latter have become the dumping-ground of the expensive manufactured
goods of the former.
fundamental guidances which would be of pride to the coming
generations. We therefore urge Our people to struggle and to make
sacrifices for those things which will enable them to ameliorate their
conditions of life and leave a richer heritage.
We wish to recall to Our people what St. Paul said: "The night is far
spent, the day is at hand; let us therefore cast off the works of darkness,
and let us put on the armour of light. Let us walk honestly, as the day."
The Ethiopian people are now conscious of their destiny and can strive to
achieve their ideals. In Our study of the various social systems during
Our extended tour, We have found that the reason for their successful
progress lies in the fact they have accumulated enough capital which, in
turn, made it possible for them to carry out better farming, finance mining
projects to serve their industry, harness their rivers, and in general exploit
their natural resources.
It is only through their achievements and not because of the difference in
their innate ability nor in their numerical superiority that some countries
have attained a high degree of progress while those which have not fully
developed and utilized their iinborn abilities and thereby lagged behind in
tapping their natural resources have been labelled "under-developed." the
latter have become the dumping-ground of the expensive manufactured
goods of the former.
| Exert Greater Effort |
The only way to safeguard Ethiopia's political and economic independence
is for her to make progress and stand on her own feet by exerting greater
effort. When We compare Our country with others, We can say that the
forests, the rivers, the mountains and the plains constitute wealth. We
should all be proud of these fortunate blessings, with which Almighty God
has endowed Our country.
Brace yourselves for hard work and pool your resources to compete with
others in the economic and commercial activities of your motherland. Let
each one of us be conscious of his responsibilities and firmly discharge his
obligations, thereby becoming master of his own destiny. It is better to till
the land rather than to bicker on trivial matters. It is better to exploit
effectively a small tract of land rather than to proclaim as being the owner
of vast idle land.
Our waterfalls are sources of immense power and energy when properly
harnessed. Use these waters to irrigate your land and you will be able to
have two harvests annually. The naked mountains and hills are as useful
as the plains below. Plant them with fir trees, teakwoods, eucalyptus and
other trees and within short time you will increase the forest resources of
your country.
Tend your livestock. Just as one cannot harvest unless he cultivates his
land, so also one cannot expect good results form his livestock unless he
tends them carefully.
You have a rich land that yields a variety of products. Do not be
contented with the satisfaction of your bare needs, but instead, cultivate
your land among other with oleogenous plants, the seeds of which you
can export for your greater benefit. Use the forest woods to make
furniture and implements and exchange them for money. Your
workmanship will be a monument to your name.
is for her to make progress and stand on her own feet by exerting greater
effort. When We compare Our country with others, We can say that the
forests, the rivers, the mountains and the plains constitute wealth. We
should all be proud of these fortunate blessings, with which Almighty God
has endowed Our country.
Brace yourselves for hard work and pool your resources to compete with
others in the economic and commercial activities of your motherland. Let
each one of us be conscious of his responsibilities and firmly discharge his
obligations, thereby becoming master of his own destiny. It is better to till
the land rather than to bicker on trivial matters. It is better to exploit
effectively a small tract of land rather than to proclaim as being the owner
of vast idle land.
Our waterfalls are sources of immense power and energy when properly
harnessed. Use these waters to irrigate your land and you will be able to
have two harvests annually. The naked mountains and hills are as useful
as the plains below. Plant them with fir trees, teakwoods, eucalyptus and
other trees and within short time you will increase the forest resources of
your country.
Tend your livestock. Just as one cannot harvest unless he cultivates his
land, so also one cannot expect good results form his livestock unless he
tends them carefully.
You have a rich land that yields a variety of products. Do not be
contented with the satisfaction of your bare needs, but instead, cultivate
your land among other with oleogenous plants, the seeds of which you
can export for your greater benefit. Use the forest woods to make
furniture and implements and exchange them for money. Your
workmanship will be a monument to your name.
| Value of Thrift |
One should realize that thriftiness is the basis for the accumulation of
wealth and the economic growth of a nation. One seldom minimizes the
value of money earned by the sweat of the brow however small it may be,
but for the extravagant even a huge amount of money is worthless. Know
how to use your money wisely and effectively. A habit once formed
becomes an incurable second nature. Therefore utilize your wealth for
worthwhile things and avoid employing it for harmful purposes and for
monetary pleasures.
What are the things you possess? What are your objections in acquiring
them? Learn how to spend wisely and the increase of your wealth will
eventually be your guide.
Use your savings where it will pay you most. The hoarding of money
does not yield dividends! If you wish your savings to pay you higher
dividends, join in with those of your fellow citizens. It is through hard
work, know-how, and patience that you will be able to increase your
capital. The foundation and essential characteristics of a healthy society
are mutual trust and confidence. Unless man undertakes the improvement
of his society in co-operation with others, his striving for wealth becomes
mere wishes. Do not be the victims of temporary contentment and petty
satisfactions. Aspire for worthwhile aims that shall be ideals for
succeeding generations.
wealth and the economic growth of a nation. One seldom minimizes the
value of money earned by the sweat of the brow however small it may be,
but for the extravagant even a huge amount of money is worthless. Know
how to use your money wisely and effectively. A habit once formed
becomes an incurable second nature. Therefore utilize your wealth for
worthwhile things and avoid employing it for harmful purposes and for
monetary pleasures.
What are the things you possess? What are your objections in acquiring
them? Learn how to spend wisely and the increase of your wealth will
eventually be your guide.
Use your savings where it will pay you most. The hoarding of money
does not yield dividends! If you wish your savings to pay you higher
dividends, join in with those of your fellow citizens. It is through hard
work, know-how, and patience that you will be able to increase your
capital. The foundation and essential characteristics of a healthy society
are mutual trust and confidence. Unless man undertakes the improvement
of his society in co-operation with others, his striving for wealth becomes
mere wishes. Do not be the victims of temporary contentment and petty
satisfactions. Aspire for worthwhile aims that shall be ideals for
succeeding generations.
| Individual and Nation |
The prosperity of each individual constitutes the wealth of Our nation
which will eventually enable Us to expand the schools and hospitals that
We have established for the welfare of Our people. The expansion of
public health services will decrease the mortality rate and increase Our
population.
Just as farm that is not taken care of cannot be free of weeds, so is also
the development of society. It cannot be denied that there are some people
who have scrupulously or unscrupulously attempted to or have acquired
wealth. If the wealth of a person cannot be for the general welfare, what
would he gain for himself and his offspring but grudge and hatred? The
fruits of one's sweat and mental labour are always rewarding, not only to
oneself but also to one's succeeding generations. Be resolute in your work
and attempt to complete whatever you undertake, if you face failure, try
again and persist in your determination to attain your aim. Develop a
healthy pursuit of life and do not limit your efforts to satisfying yor selfish
desires.
In particular, our youth must be steadfast and take advantage of the
benefits of modern civilization. Do not fall prey to idleness for it shall be a
curse to you and to succeeding generations. You must set yourselves up
as examples of determination and hard work. Plan your time and use both
your physical and mental powers purposefully and productively.
We must remember that man's achievements in the field of wireless
communications, aviation, medical sciences and many others have been
accomplished through the ages by patience and hard work, diligence,
perserverance and tenacity. It is in the light of these that We urge Our
youth to struggle constantly and unceasingly to achieve their aims.
which will eventually enable Us to expand the schools and hospitals that
We have established for the welfare of Our people. The expansion of
public health services will decrease the mortality rate and increase Our
population.
Just as farm that is not taken care of cannot be free of weeds, so is also
the development of society. It cannot be denied that there are some people
who have scrupulously or unscrupulously attempted to or have acquired
wealth. If the wealth of a person cannot be for the general welfare, what
would he gain for himself and his offspring but grudge and hatred? The
fruits of one's sweat and mental labour are always rewarding, not only to
oneself but also to one's succeeding generations. Be resolute in your work
and attempt to complete whatever you undertake, if you face failure, try
again and persist in your determination to attain your aim. Develop a
healthy pursuit of life and do not limit your efforts to satisfying yor selfish
desires.
In particular, our youth must be steadfast and take advantage of the
benefits of modern civilization. Do not fall prey to idleness for it shall be a
curse to you and to succeeding generations. You must set yourselves up
as examples of determination and hard work. Plan your time and use both
your physical and mental powers purposefully and productively.
We must remember that man's achievements in the field of wireless
communications, aviation, medical sciences and many others have been
accomplished through the ages by patience and hard work, diligence,
perserverance and tenacity. It is in the light of these that We urge Our
youth to struggle constantly and unceasingly to achieve their aims.
| Capital and Labour |
The fact that medical doctors, engineers, pilots, the cadets, in the various
military academies, nurses, teachers and the many other professionals,
have been successfully trained in the various schools that We have
established, will serve as an illustration of what We have stated above.
Convinced that capital and labour are necessary ingredients for wealth and
prosperity and that these two factors are absolute essentials for the
economic development of Our country, and believing that Our beloved
people shall apply itself to the task of its economic progress, We have
acquired loans from friendly countries.
Henceforth, the next step for each Ethiopian, wherever he may be and
whatever his endeavours are, is to follow Our directions and to devote
himself assiduously to the execution of Our plan for the betterment of Our
country. If w fail to use profitably the credit which We have acquired for
the development of our communications system, port facilities and the
establishment of industries, we shall have brought a heavy liability, not
only upon ourselves but upon succeeding generations.
Ethiopians, have courage and brace yourselves up. Unless you improve
your lot by the sweat of your brow nobody will shoulder your
responsibilities. Provided that you pursue your task with unswerving
dedication, We, on Our part, shall do everything possible to assist you in
your forward march.
military academies, nurses, teachers and the many other professionals,
have been successfully trained in the various schools that We have
established, will serve as an illustration of what We have stated above.
Convinced that capital and labour are necessary ingredients for wealth and
prosperity and that these two factors are absolute essentials for the
economic development of Our country, and believing that Our beloved
people shall apply itself to the task of its economic progress, We have
acquired loans from friendly countries.
Henceforth, the next step for each Ethiopian, wherever he may be and
whatever his endeavours are, is to follow Our directions and to devote
himself assiduously to the execution of Our plan for the betterment of Our
country. If w fail to use profitably the credit which We have acquired for
the development of our communications system, port facilities and the
establishment of industries, we shall have brought a heavy liability, not
only upon ourselves but upon succeeding generations.
Ethiopians, have courage and brace yourselves up. Unless you improve
your lot by the sweat of your brow nobody will shoulder your
responsibilities. Provided that you pursue your task with unswerving
dedication, We, on Our part, shall do everything possible to assist you in
your forward march.
| Help Made Available |
Just as We have done in the past, We shall make available to you through
various experts, directives which will serve as your guide in your work.
We have instructed the municipalities to prepare and make available to you
at little cost various types of seedlings. We shall organize teams of experts
who will give you advice and counsel in the fields of agriculture and public
health. We shall also set up groups of experts who will give you advice
and counsel in co-operative farming and trading.
For the purpose of cultivating oleogenous plants and to the end that you
may have better marketing possibilities, We shall make available to you
experts.
We shall organize for you a team of experts to study your needs and the
ways and means of improving the quality of crops and trading systems in
relation to the present economic and marketing conditions.
As we hold Our people in great affection so do they entertain great feelings
of affection towards Us. As a father should bequeath not only wealth to
his children but also provide them with proper education so that they may
have a richer and fuller life, so should it be the duty of those for whom
much has been done to show gratitude. Therefore, let us unite Our efforts
to show in deeds what We profess in words.
In conclusion, since the ideas that We have conceived and the projects
that have been planned for the development of the country can best
materialize by the incessant efforts of Our people and the application of
everyone's ability in harmonious co-operation, We call upon Our people to
be steadfast in this noble and challenging undertaking.
May Almighty-God sustain Us to realize these high ideals.
various experts, directives which will serve as your guide in your work.
We have instructed the municipalities to prepare and make available to you
at little cost various types of seedlings. We shall organize teams of experts
who will give you advice and counsel in the fields of agriculture and public
health. We shall also set up groups of experts who will give you advice
and counsel in co-operative farming and trading.
For the purpose of cultivating oleogenous plants and to the end that you
may have better marketing possibilities, We shall make available to you
experts.
We shall organize for you a team of experts to study your needs and the
ways and means of improving the quality of crops and trading systems in
relation to the present economic and marketing conditions.
As we hold Our people in great affection so do they entertain great feelings
of affection towards Us. As a father should bequeath not only wealth to
his children but also provide them with proper education so that they may
have a richer and fuller life, so should it be the duty of those for whom
much has been done to show gratitude. Therefore, let us unite Our efforts
to show in deeds what We profess in words.
In conclusion, since the ideas that We have conceived and the projects
that have been planned for the development of the country can best
materialize by the incessant efforts of Our people and the application of
everyone's ability in harmonious co-operation, We call upon Our people to
be steadfast in this noble and challenging undertaking.
May Almighty-God sustain Us to realize these high ideals.